Dr. Mike Stallard, mstallard@bbc.edu
Dispensational Study Group
Baptist Bible Seminary, faculty.bbc.edu/mstallard
Evangelical Theological Society
Toronto, November 2002
4
and questionable diversity, discontinuity, and development within the history of
dispensationalism, it remains puzzling to me why we so quickly abandon the tradition's view of
itself. Recently, we have so focused on the discontinuities in the past that I fear we have too
readily overlooked the continuity in the tradition.
9
In spite of the inconsistencies, perhaps there is
something substantial that dispensationalists have hit upon that has determined who they are. I
am not sure that a complete abandonment of this Darbyite/Ryrie portrait will help us down the
road in defining who we are as dispensationalists. At least, we must continue to advance in
historical studies of our own tradition, something that is still incomplete at best.
In light of such considerations, one area where I found John's presentation intriguing is
his definition of dispensationalism. He notes: "I would identify dispensationalism as that system
of theology that identifies the dispensational distinctions as the major key to interpreting
correctly the Scriptures. This stands out against the covenant approach which sees the covenant
of grace as the major key to interpreting correctly the Scriptures." When he said this, I must
confess that Ryrie's famous third, yet ignored point, came to my mind the doxological unifying
theme of the Bible. John elsewhere correctly refers to Ryrie's focus on doxology as evidence that
dispensationalists have been concerned about taking diversity to an extreme and that some
approach to unity must be voiced. I had abandoned Ryrie's point early on in seminary training
because I was told to do so, but over the last few years have come back to it as something that
needs to be recaptured. It may be true, as John Master says, that the notion of kingdom is a better
way to integrate theology at the highest level. However, this does not rule out the significance of
Ryrie's insight.
In particular, I want to argue that John's desire to define dispensationalism as the use of
dispensational distinctions as the "major key" for Bible interpretation brings us to the same place
that Ryrie wanted us to consider. As one reads the Bible at face value (literal interpretation),
Ryrie would say, he not only recognizes a distinction between the two institutions of Israel and
the Church, the interpreter goes on to see an even larger mosaic of what God is doing through the
panorama of the ages. This multi-faceted plan of God better gives God his due than does the
single-track system of covenant theology with its focus on individual redemption through
election.
10
While individual salvation is not ignored in dispensationalism, dispensationalists have
often talked of God's purposes through the ages. The plural is important. God is doing more than
one main thing throughout history. This diversity is played out in the progression of both
continuity and discontinuity in the various dispensations of divine history all to the glory of God.
However, beyond this I would say that a genuine commitment to grammatical-historical
interpretation precedes one's recognition of the dispensational structure of biblical history and
that the distinction between Israel and the Church informs the content of much of that structure.
Thus, I would still prefer Ryrie's definition of dispensationalism, even if it needs refinement as I
have argued elsewhere.
11
But Master's idea that dispensational distinctions are the major key to
Bible interpretation does serve a purpose at the level of theological integration across authors and
Twentieth-Century Dispensationalism of Arno C. Gaebelein, Studies in American Religion, Vol. 77 (Lewiston, NY:
The Edwin Mellen Press, 2002), 61-73.
9
See Carl Sanders, "The Myth of Normative Dispensationalism" (Unpublished ETS paper, Danvers, 1999).
It seems to me that if the same focus on discontinuity were applied to all of church history, I wonder if we could
define anything such as orthodox Christianity.
10
Note that it is not a matter of whether a dispensationalist glorifies God in his personal life more than the
covenantalist. Neither is it a matter of whether each theological system incorporates the feature of God's glory.
11
Mike Stallard, "Literal Interpretation, Theological Method, and the Essence of Dispensationalism" The
Journal of Ministry and Theology 1 (Spring 1997): 5-36.